Internal-combustion engine



Jan. 13, 1931. A. M. NIVEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed March 7, 192

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1 N V EN TOR 627k (WeepZa/l Mia;

A TTORNE Y.

: Patented Jan. 13, 1931 MOTORS oonPoRArroN, orj-nnrnorrgnIonreAn, A oonronnrron or VIRGINIA.

INTERNAIl-COMBUSTION Emma:

Criging} application s led marc'iivfiez' seriai 1791173320. Divided an d'ttjhis application filedDecember 7,

" 1927. Serial 170 238348. v

' mlhis invention relates to internal com bustion engines and more particularly to th sleeve valve type of engine; .In this gen eral type of engine it is customary and desirable to provide the fuel intake at the side of the engine opposite to the exhaust outlet. Therefore difiiculty has been experieenced in providingetlicient and at the same time compact and well appearing apparatus for heating the intake manifold or intake gases at one or more points by the exhaust gases. It. has been customary to locate the exhaust manifold and intake. manifold on opposite sides of the engine and then extend a pipe, ordinarily branched from the exhaust manifolch either around the engine block or else archedabove the engine block whereby some of the exhaust gases are conducted to theintake manifold toform one or more so-called hot spots for heating the intake gases to form the .desired mixture. Such prior devices are quiteinefiicient' since the exhaust gases do not pass directly tothe intake manifold; furthermore the provision of the branched exhaust pipe aroundor above the cylinder block destroys :to a con siderabledegree the otherwise attractive and pleasing appearance of this type of engine besides adding to the complexity of the eugine.- '5 w My invention has among itsob ectsthe provision or means for overcoming. the aforesaid objectionable characteristics of sleeve valve engines. I have provided. a construction whereby a portion of the exhaust gases may be conducted 'directlyto heat the intake manifold, affording a simple apparatus, of high efiiciency; and .at the,

same..time preserving the neat appearance of the engine.

A further feature of my invention resides in utilizing one or more sleeve intake'ports a sleeve valve engine to serve as gas exhausting means. One useful purpose of such an arrangement residesin conducting exhaust gases through sleeve intake port or ports for heating the intake gases ata convenient point. This, application is a dlvision of myco March 7, 1927.

With the foregoing and other objects a1 view myinvention provides a novel combia nation and "arrangement of partsmore par-. ticularly hereinafter described and claimed.v

UNITED ARCHIE MAorHAIL NIVEN,. oF.-;1 mm m,- MICHIGAN; Ass GNoR [To oonrinnnrailf Referring to the drawings illustrating one embodiment of'my'invention, 1

Fig. 'l isasection-al elevation view through an engine cylinder,

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the engine partly-in section along 22 of Fig. 1, Fi'grB "represents, 'diagramatically, a-development of the sleeve and cylinder ports. ln'ithe' drawings reference character A represents the engine blockhaving'one or more'cylinders 10,'the intake charge passing from intake manifold B to the cylindersv and from the cylinders tothe exhaust manifold Cbe ng controlled by one'or more valves 11 controlling suitable' ports. In the drawings '1 have illustrated my invention in connectioirwith, an engine of the single sleeve valve type,'in-Which the sleeve is ordinarily driven at half engine speedby a suitable mechanism' usually including a valve lay shaft (not shown) to impart to the sleeve a combined movement axially and circumferentially of the sleeve, i. e., a combined reciprocating and oscillating: movement whereby a point. on the sleeve will tracera closed figure on the e'yiinden': Such mechanisms for imparting such a notion to the sleeve are Well known in theart.v

The intake manifold B isformed with the usual carburetorconnection "12, the gases being divided at 13 intobranches l4 and 15 having outlet pass-ages 16 leading-to the va rious cylinders 10. Around the T-con'nec-' tion 13 I haveflocated a casing or j'acket 17 having one or more] exhaust gas inlet. open-' ings l8 communicating with one or more conduits' 19 leading to aconvenient cylim den or cylinders. As shown, I prefer to form the conduit l9 througn thecyli-nder block A. The exhaust gases from openingslS circulate around the -i-conne'ction .13, whence they pass through outlet 20 and the passage 2-1, also preferably extending through the cylinder block, to the in the form of a passage and outlet 20 or at other desired pointsto insure proper circulation of exhaust gases in the heating jacket 17.

, The exhaust manifold 'oma be or an well known or other preferred type. v I have I illustrated this manifold as having the main longitudinal exhaust chamberQ l' into which the exhaust gases pass by'c'onduits 25 from the various cylinders, 26 being the exhaust pipe outlet.

The flow of auxiliary gases from one or more working cylinders may be controlled as follows. Referring to Figs. '1 and 3 I have shown one customary arrangement of intake and exhaust ports, thesleeve ports in Fig. 3 beingv shown in full lines and, the cylinder ports being shown in .broken lines. The exhaust ports of: the-sleeve 1 and cylinder are designated Ex? while the, intake ports are designated In. The sleeve travel with respect to-the cylinderis indicated; at 271 In carrying out my invention I utilize one or more of theusual sleeve intake ports 28 -to exhaust avportion of" the exhaust gasesftothe cylinder passage 19 leading to the; intake: manifold heating jacket 17 as shown in'Fig. 2. Thezusual cylinder intake and exhaustpassages 29 and 30 respectively communicate, withthe intake and exhaust passages 16 and 25." \Vith ref-' erence to Fig. 3

it will be noted that the cylinderis being exhausted in; the usual manner except that-the passageway 19 is located so as to conduct a portion of the exhaust gases byway of. one or more of the then otherwise inactive sleeve valve ports 28?. ,At; such time during the c'ycle when intake, compression, orfiring occurs,.the passageway 19 is inactive, this opening being. so locatedas toqprovide the; necessary seal pre' venting leakage at such times. Thussimple means is p'rovidedfor conveniently supplys inglany desired-portion of the exhaust gases towardthe intake manifold from the sidev offlthe cylinder substantially adjacent the intakejmanifold. v g My invention is not limited in its'scope to any particularconstruction or arrangement of valves, since whether the valves are of the rotary; reciprocating, combined recip rocatin-g and oscillating (as, illustrated),

- singleton multiple sleeeves is relatively 1m:

the pipe. conducting theintake gases to important as is the: particular manner of driving the sleeves, Furthermore the details ofthe arrangementfor applying the heat ofthe exhaustgases to the intakemanifold may likewise vary, sinceit may be preferred to subject one-or moreportions of more or less;intimate. or remote contact with the heating surface instead of jacketingthe branch of the manifold asLI, have'shown for purposes of illustration. Avfurther modis fication within the scope of my invention might be made in the construction of the exhaust manifold and the point or points of introduction of the auxiliary exhaust gases 1nto the mam exhaust line of travel. If des1red, instead of return ng the exhaust gases,.which are directed to form the hot spot, back to the exhaust manifold, the passageway 2lmay be dispensed with and such auxiliary exhaust directed to o her points of disposal, such as directly tothe atmosp'here by 'remov'alof the plug 31 as the ordinarily be comparatively small.

One lmportant feature of my invention resides in providing meansfor passing ex-- venient. h ot spot. construction whereby I.- am

enabled to obtain the benefits'of anefficient fuel mixture. commonly incorporated-in the ordinary poppet valve, and other types of engines having the intake and exhaustmant fold conveniently located on the same side of the cylinder block... ,Furthermore I avoid unattractive and ineflicient transfer" pipes for conductingthe exhaust gases, after they leave the cylinder, to an intakemanifold located remotely such as on the side of the cylinder blockopposite the exhaust mani- Ol i V 1 It will benoted that in Fig. 3, thesleeve port marked In-Ex is what is commonly known as a double purpose portin that it functions both as an exhaust and an intake port, while the remaining sleeve ports are single purpose ports inthat they function only as intake ports or asexhaust ports, as the case may beg I lNhatIclaim as my: invention is:

L111 a sleeve valve engine, sleeve valve intake and exhaust ports, cylinder intake and exhaust ports, and means eifective when the sleeve and'cylinder exl'iaustportsare in registration for conducting a portion of the exhaust-gases 'to a point-suitable for. apply-- ing heat to the intake gases, said last named means including a cylinder passagewayregistering with the sleeve intake port at the period of the cycle mentioned. ,2. In a sleeve valve engine, sleeve valve intakeand exhaust. ports, cylinder intake and exhaust ports, means eilectivewhen the sleeve and cylinder exhaustports are in registration for conducting aportion' of the ex-- haust'gasesto a pointsuitable for applying heat-to the intake gases, said last named meanswincluding a: cylinder passageway registering. with the sleeve intake. port at thev period :of the cycle mentioned, and means for conducting the exhaust gases from the :point :mentioned to I mix with: the

quantity. of auxiliary exhaustv gases would exhaust gases haust port. I I

3. In a sleeve valveengine, sleeve valve. intake and exhaust, ports, cylinder intake and exhaust ports, means effective when the passing, from the cylinder, ex;

sleeve andcylinder exhaust portsareinreg istration for conducting -.a portion of the exhaust gases to a point, suitable for applymg heat to the intake gases, said last named means including a cylinderpassageway registering with the sleeve intake port at the period of the cycle mentioned, and

means for conducting the exhaust gases from the point; mentioned to. mix with the] exhaust gases passing from'the cylinder exhaust port, the last named means ncludlng a cylinder passageway.

l, An engine comprising in combination,

a cylinder provided with intake and exhaust passages, sleeve valve means having'single purpose intake and exhaust passages coop-- means controlled by the sleeve valve meansfor exhausting the cylin der through the said spaced single purpose intake and exhaust and exhaust passages cooperating with the a cylinder passages, said cylinder having a passages of the sleeve valve means;

6. An engine comprising in combination, a cylinder provided with intake and exhaust passages, sleeve valve means having intake passageway in addition to the said cylinder passages controlled by the sleeve valvemeans for passage of exhaust gases from the cylinder through the said intake passage of thesleeve valve means.

7. An engine comprising in combination,

a cylinder provided with intake and exhaust passages, sleeve valve'means having intake and exhaustpassages cooperating with the cylinder passages, and means controlled by the sleeve valve means for simultaneously exhausting the cylinder through the intake and exhaust passages of the sleeve valve means.

8. An engine comprisingin combination,

a cylinder provided with intake and exhaust passages, sleeve valve means having single purpose intake and exhaust passages oo'operating with the cylinder passages, and

means controlled by the sleeve valve means for exhausting the cylinder through the single purpose intake and exhaust passages of the sleeve valve means, said cylinder intake and exhaust passages extending substantially in opposite directions.

9. Anengine comprising in combination, a'cylinder provided w th intake-and exhaust passages, a single sleeve valve movably-associated :with the cylinderand provided with spaced single purpose intake and. exhaust ports cooperating with the cylinder pas-I der thro'ughthe said spaced single purpose intake and exhaust ports of the sleeve valve.

10. 'An engine comprising in combination," a, cyl nder I prov ded with intake and ex haust passagesasinglesleeve valve movsages, and means for exhausting the cylin- I I ably associated with. the cylinder andprovided with spaced single purpose intakeand exhaust ports cooperatin with the cylinf orexhausting the der passages, and means cylinder through the said spaced singlepur pose intake and exhaust' ports ofthe sleeve valve, said sleeve Valve havinga combined reciprocating and I oscillating movement with respect to the cylinder axes.

v 11. An engine comprising in combination, a cylinder provided with intake and exhaust passages, a single sleeve valve mov'ably associated with the cylinder and provided with spaced single purpose, intake and. exhaust,

ports cooperating withthe' cylinderpassages, and means for exhausting the. cylinder through; the said spaced single purpose intake and exhaust ports of the sleeve valve, said sleeve valve having a combined reciprocating and oscillating movement with re. spect to the cylinderfaxes,"thesleeve andcylinder axes being concentric.

12. An. engine comprising in combination,

a. cylinder provided with intake yand ex haust passages, sleeve valve meanshaving intake and exhaust passages cooperating wlththecyllnder passages, means controlled by the sleeve valve means for exhausting the cylinder throughtheintake and exhaust passages of. the sleeve, valve means, and means conducting the gases I exhausting through the intake passage of the sleeve valve n'leans to apply heat to the; intake I 13. An enginecomprising in combination,

cylinder provided with, intake-and exhaust passages, sleeve valve means having spaced I intake and exhaust passages I cooperating. with the cylinder passages, means controlled by the sleeve valve means for ex- I hausting the cylinder through the intake I and exhaust passagesiof the sleeve valve means, and means conducting the gasesexhausting, through the intake passage oftthe sleeve valve means a; applyjheat to the id. take gases. I

take andexhaust passages cooperating with the cylinder passages, said cylinderr having a passageway in addition to the said cylinder passages controlled by the sleeve 14. An engine comprising iii combination, a cyllnder provided with intake and .exh aust passages,-sleeve valve means hav1ng.i n-,

.ios

,stantially iir opposite directions, and means conducting the gases exhausting through the intake passage of the sleeve valve nieans to zq ply'heat to the intake-"gases; 20

v 16. An engine comprising in combination, a cylinder provided with intake and exhaust passages, si'ngleisleeve valve movably asscciated with the cylinder'and provided with spaced intake and-exhaust por'ts"c'o0perat ing with the cylinder passages, means for exhausting the cylinder through'the intake and exhaustports of the sleeve valve, and means conducting the gases exhausting through the sleeve intake port, to apply heat to 'the exhaust gases.

17 An engine comprisingin combination, a cylinder provided wvith intake and e51- ha'ust passages,-a single sleeve valve movably associated with the cylinder and provided with spaced intake and exhaust port s cooperating with the I I cylinder passages, nieans for exhausting thecyli'nder through the intake and'e'xhaust' ports of the sleeve valve, said sleeve valvehaving a combined re ciprocatir'i'g and oscillating" movement with respect to the cylinder" axes, and means *conducting the gases exhausting through the sleeve intakeport to apply heat to the exhaust gases r r a 1 18. An engine comprising in coinbination, a cylinder provided with intake and exhaust passages, a: single sleeve valve novwith the said" cylinder for COHClUCtlIIgCllG exhaustgases speeds by thesleeve valve nieans for siniu'ltanebusly exhausting the cylinder. through-the said 'cn-cumferenti-ally spacedsingle purpose intake-and exhaust passages ofthe sleeve valve means. r

20. An engine coinpri'singin' combination, a cylinder provided with'intake' and exhaust ports, sleeve valve means having single purpose-intake and exhaust ports cooperating with "the cylinder ports, inc-airs controlled by the sleeve valve means for exhausting the cylinder through the single purpose intake and exhaust ports-oi saidsleevefvE-ilvc means; and separate exhaust conducting means communicating with the slocvevalve single valve cycle when the sleeve a'nd'cylinder exhaust' ports are in registration:

In witness whereof,'I hereunto subscribe niynaine this 17th day i NoVeniber, Ai-'DQ 1927. V

' ARCHIE MACPHAIL NIVEN;

ably associated with the cylinder and" pro- 7 f vided with spaced intake andexh'aust ports cooperating With the cylinder passages, and

means for exhausting thecylinder' through" the intakeand ekhaust pcrts of. the sleeve valve;'said sleeve valve havinga combined reciprocating and oscillating moveinent with respect'to thecylinder axes,'th'e sleeve and cylinder axes being concent1'i'c,-a1id means conducting the'gases exhausting through the sleeve intake port to apply heat totheeX haust gases.

19. An engine'corn'pri'sin'g incombination, 7' a. cylinder provided with intake and c2;-

haust passages, sleeve valve'mea'ns having 7 circumferentially spaced single purpose in-f I take and exhaust passages cooperating iWltll thecylinder"passages, and means controlled- 

